{"id":1003,"date":"2011-05-29T15:16:47","date_gmt":"2011-05-29T07:16:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.jpuyy.com\/blog\/?p=1003"},"modified":"2015-01-28T15:04:38","modified_gmt":"2015-01-28T07:04:38","slug":"cron-crontab-usage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/?p=1003","title":{"rendered":"cron,crontab\u6574\u7406\u53ca\u5b9e\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>crontab\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>crontab [ -u user ] file #\u4ecefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\ncrontab [ -u user ] [ -i ] { -e | -l | -r } \u00a0# -e\u4ee3\u8868\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c-l\u4ee3\u8868\u663e\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u7684cron\uff0c-r\u4ee3\u8868\u79fb\u9664cron\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u7f16\u8f91jpuyy\u7684cron\u5217\u8868\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u662froot\u6765\u5e2ejpuyy\u5199cron\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>crontab -u jpuyy -e<\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u662fjpuyy\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>crontab -e<\/pre>\n<p>cron\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\/var\/spool\/cron\/crontabs\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u7684cron\u6765\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0a\u9762crontab\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528crontab\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8f91\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728ubuntu\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u8f91cron\u7684\u4e3anano\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<br \/>\n\u4fee\u6539\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfEDITOR.<\/p>\n<pre> export EDITOR=vi<\/pre>\n<p>cron\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9cron\u53bb\u600e\u4e48\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u505a\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\uff1b\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u4e94\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u533a\u57df\u91cc\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u4e0e\u7b26\u53f7\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u949f\u3000\uff080-59\uff09<br \/>\n\u5c0f\u6642\u3000\uff080-23\uff09<br \/>\n\u65e5\u671f\u3000\uff081-31\uff09<br \/>\n\u6708\u4efd\u3000\uff081-12\uff09<br \/>\n\u661f\u671f\u3000\uff080-6\uff09\/\/0\u4ee3\u8868\u661f\u671f\u5929<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u661f\u53f7&#8221;*&#8221; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6570\u5b57<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u659c\u6760&#8221;\/&#8221; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u6bcf\u7684\u610f\u601d,&#8221;*\/5&#8243;\u8868\u793a\u6bcf5\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d<\/p>\n<p>\u51cf\u53f7&#8221;-&#8221; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57,<\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u6587\u534a\u89d2\u9017\u53f7&#8221;,&#8221; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4ee3\u8868\u5206\u5f00\u51e0\u4e2a\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u6570\u5b57<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u91cc\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c3d\u91cf\u591a\u7684\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e4b\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u91cd\u542f\u65f6\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>30 3 * * * reboot\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7528\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6539\u4e3a 30 3 * * *\u00a0 \/sbin\/reboot\u624d\u8d77\u7684\u505a\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u9694\u4e24\u5468\u4e14\u5728\u5468\u4e00\u76849\u70b9\u534a\u6267\u884c\u6e05\u7a7a\/tmp\/cache\/*<\/p>\n<pre>30 9 * * 1\/2 rm -rf \/tmp\/cache\/*<\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u9996\u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762\u6e05\u52a0@reboot\uff0c\u5982<\/p>\n<pre>\u00a0@reboot\u00a030 9 * * 1\/2 rm -rf \/tmp\/cache\/*<\/pre>\n<p>\u56db\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53ca\u7b49\u4ef7\u5f62\u5f0f<br \/>\n@yearly\t0 0 1 1 *<br \/>\n@daily\t0 0 * * *<br \/>\n@hourly\t0 * * * *<br \/>\n@reboot\tRun at startup.<\/p>\n<p>cron\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u7684mail\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<pre>\r\nMAIL=\"\"\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>cron \u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u79c1\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672c\u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<pre>\r\nmy_variable=foo\r\n* * * * * echo $my_variable\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u6bcf5\u5206\u949f\u8dd1\u4e00\u6b21a.sh\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6bcf5\u5206\u949f\u8dd1\u4e00\u6b21b.sh\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u9519\u5f00\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6bd4\u598202, 07, 12, 17, 22, 27&#8230; \u8dd1a\u811a\u672c\uff0c04, 09, 14, 19, 24, 29&#8230;\u8dd1b\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<pre>\r\n4-59\/5     * * * * c1\r\n2-59\/5  * * * * c2<\/pre>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003:http:\/\/serverfault.com\/questions\/351505\/crontab-steps-plus-increment<\/p>\n<p>cron\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7ad9:\u00a0http:\/\/cron.schlitt.info\/index.php<br \/>\ncron\u751f\u6210\u7f51\u7ad9: http:\/\/www.generateit.net\/cron-job\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>crontab\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a crontab [ -u user ] file #\u4ecefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 crontab [ -u user ] [ -i ] { -e | -l | -r } \u00a0# -e\u4ee3\u8868\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c-l\u4ee3\u8868\u663e\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u7684cron\uff0c-r\u4ee3\u8868\u79fb\u9664cron\u4efb\u52a1 \u5982\u7f16\u8f91jpuyy\u7684cron\u5217\u8868\uff0c \u5982\u679c\u662froot\u6765\u5e2ejpuyy\u5199cron\u89c4\u5219\uff1a crontab -u jpuyy -e \u5982\u679c\u662fjpuyy\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a crontab -e cron\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u641c\u7d22\/var\/spool\/cron\/crontabs\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u7684cron\u6765\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0a\u9762crontab\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528crontab\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8f91\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002 \u5728ubuntu\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u8f91cron\u7684\u4e3anano\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002 \u4fee\u6539\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfEDITOR. export EDITOR=vi cron\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff1a \u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9cron\u53bb\u600e\u4e48\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u505a\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\uff1b\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u4e94\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u533a\u57df\u91cc\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u4e0e\u7b26\u53f7\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a \u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\uff1a \u5206\u949f\u3000\uff080-59\uff09 \u5c0f\u6642\u3000\uff080-23\uff09 \u65e5\u671f\u3000\uff081-31\uff09 \u6708\u4efd\u3000\uff081-12\uff09 \u661f\u671f\u3000\uff080-6\uff09\/\/0\u4ee3\u8868\u661f\u671f\u5929 \u9664\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\uff1a \u661f\u53f7&#8221;*&#8221; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6570\u5b57 \u53cd\u659c\u6760&#8221;\/&#8221; \u00a0 \u00a0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[23],"class_list":["post-1003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-summary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1003"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7130,"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003\/revisions\/7130"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jpuyy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}